Type 2 diabetes and obesity are major health challenges, often linked to insulin resistance, where the body’s cells fail to respond properly to insulin. White adipose tissue (body fat) is critical for regulating blood sugar, but its function is disrupted in insulin resistance. Bariatric surgery, a weight-loss procedure, significantly improves insulin sensitivity, sometimes even before weight loss, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This project aims to identify proteins and metabolites in blood and fat tissue that drive these changes. By analyzing samples from patients before and after surgery and during insulin sensitivity tests, the study will pinpoint key molecular factors. These will be tested in advanced lab models to understand their roles in improving fat cell function. Using machine learning, the research will also design potential new drugs, paving the way for better treatments for type 2 diabetes and related conditions.